China vs Canada: Population Comparison 2025
Chinese diaspora shapes both. Canada's immigration gain vs China's brain drain.
China
Canada
Population Pyramids Comparison
Total Population
China
1416.1M
Canada
40.1M
Youth (0-14)
China
15.4%
Canada
15.0%
Elderly (65+)
China
14.9%
Canada
20.3%
Demographic Analysis: China vs Canada
In 2025, China has a population of 1.42B, while Canada has 40M. This represents a difference of 1.38B, with China having 35.3 times the population of the other. China ranks #2 globally by population size, while Canada ranks #38.
The median age reveals significant demographic differences: China has a median age of 41.1 years, compared to 41.7 years in Canada. This 0.6-year difference indicates that Canada has a significantly older population, with important implications for workforce dynamics, healthcare needs, and economic development. The dependency ratio in China is 43.5%, while in Canada it is 54.4%, showing the relative burden of non-working age populations on the workforce.
Gender balance differs between the two countries: China has a sex ratio of 103.69 males per female, while Canada has 98.62. China shows a higher proportion of males, which can affect marriage markets, labor force composition, and social dynamics. These ratios reflect various factors including sex-selective practices, differential mortality rates, and migration patterns.
Comprehensive Demographic Comparison 2025
| Indicator | China | Canada | Difference / Ratio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population Metrics | |||
| Total Population (2025) | 1.42B | 40M | 35.3x larger |
| World Population Ranking | #2 | #38 | 36 places apart |
| Population Growth Rate (5-year) | -0.14% | +1.00% | 1.14pp difference |
| Projected Growth (2025-2050) | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00pp difference |
| Age Structure | |||
| Median Age | 41.1 years | 41.7 years | 0.6 years younger |
| Youth (0-14) Population | 15.4% | 15.0% | 0.4pp difference |
| Working Age (15-64) Population | 69.7% | 64.8% | 4.9pp difference |
| Elderly (65+) Population | 14.9% | 20.3% | 5.3pp difference |
| Youth Bulge (15-29) | 17.4% | 18.5% | 1.1pp difference |
| Prime Workforce (25-54) | 43.3% | 40.4% | 2.9pp difference |
| Demographic Indicators | |||
| Total Dependency Ratio | 43.5% | 54.4% | 10.9pp difference |
| Child Dependency Ratio | 22.1% | 23.1% | 1.0pp difference |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio | 21.4% | 31.3% | 9.9pp difference |
| Sex Ratio (males per 100 females) | 103.7 | 98.6 | 5.1 difference |
| Total Fertility Rate | 1.00 children/woman | 1.35 children/woman | 0.35 difference |
| Estimated Birth Rate | 6.7 per 1,000 | 9.4 per 1,000 | 2.7 difference |
| Aging Index (65+/0-14) | 96.8% | 135.2% | 38.5pp difference |
| Population Pyramid Type | stationary | constrictive | Different types |
📊 Understanding the Population Difference Chart
This visualization shows where and by how much the populations differ between China and Canada for each age group, split by gender:
Left Side (Males)
Blue = China has more males
Green = Canada has more males
Right Side (Females)
Pink = China has more females
Orange = Canada has more females
💡 How to Read: Each age group shows up to 2 bars - one on the left (male difference) and one on the right (female difference). The bar's color tells you which country has more people, and the bar's length shows by how much. For example, if you see a green bar on the left, it means Canada has more males in that age group.
Notable Differences (>20% variance):
Population Difference
1376.0M
China larger
Growth Since 1950
China
+160.3%
Canada
+192.0%
Population Ratio
1 : 0.03
China : Canada
| Metric | China | Canada | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total Population | 1.42B | 40.1M | +3429.1% |
| Median Age | 41.1 years | 41.7 years | -0.6 |
| Youth Population (0-14) | 218.2M 15.4% | 6.0M 15.0% | +3529.6% |
| Working Age (15-64) | 986.8M 69.7% | 26.0M 64.8% | +3697.3% |
| Elderly Population (65+) | 211.2M 14.9% | 8.1M 20.3% | +2497.4% |
| Total Dependency Ratio | 43.5 per 100 | 54.4 per 100 | -10.9 |
| Youth Dependency Ratio | 22.1 per 100 | 23.1 per 100 | -1.0 |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio | 21.4 per 100 | 31.3 per 100 | -9.9 |
| Sex Ratio | 103.7 M/100F | 98.6 M/100F | +5.1 |
| Population Structure Type | Stationary | Constrictive | Different |
Total Population
China
1.42B
Canada
40.1M
Median Age
China
41.1 years
Canada
41.7 years
Youth Population (0-14)
China
218.2M
15.4%
Canada
6.0M
15.0%
Working Age (15-64)
China
986.8M
69.7%
Canada
26.0M
64.8%
Elderly Population (65+)
China
211.2M
14.9%
Canada
8.1M
20.3%
Total Dependency Ratio
China
43.5 per 100
Canada
54.4 per 100
Youth Dependency Ratio
China
22.1 per 100
Canada
23.1 per 100
Old-Age Dependency Ratio
China
21.4 per 100
Canada
31.3 per 100
Sex Ratio
China
103.7 M/100F
Canada
98.6 M/100F
Note: Dependency ratios represent the number of dependents (youth + elderly) per 100 working-age individuals. Higher ratios indicate greater economic burden on the working population.
Note: The replacement fertility rate of 2.1 is the level at which a population exactly replaces itself from one generation to the next.Both countries are experiencing demographic transitions as they develop economically. Countries below 2.1 face potential population decline without immigration, while those above 2.1 continue growing naturally.
Historic Milestone: 2023
Canada became the world's most populous country, ending China's centuries-long reign